Chicken Biryani
Prep 30 min Total 1 hr 30 min
Biryani is a layered rice dish with Persian and Mughal roots, which spread across the Indian subcontinent during the Mughal Empire and became one of the most celebrated dishes in Indian cooking. Rice and meat are cooked together in the same pot, spiced with whole spices and marinated with yoghurt, so the flavour penetrates all the way through during cooking. The result is fragrant, rich, and aromatic — the whole spices perfume the rice, and the chicken stays moist inside the masala crust.
This version uses chicken thighs, marinated in a masala of yoghurt, garlic, ginger, and garam masala. Chicken and rice come together in the pan with onion, cloves, cardamom, and cinnamon. The rice absorbs moisture and spices and ends up as a dish in its own right, not just a side.
Saffron and melted butter are stirred through the rice at the end. This gives the characteristic yellow marbling and a softer flavour. The dish is garnished with toasted almonds, cashews, fried onion, chilli, and coriander. In India, biryani is often made for Eid, weddings, and other celebrations, but it works just as well as a weekend dinner at home. Served as a complete meal, ideally with raita on the side.
Ingredients
Serves 4
- 8 chicken thighs
- 5 tbsp ghee (or vegetable oil)
- 25 g almonds, chopped
- 25 g cashew nuts, chopped
- 1 large onion, finely chopped
- 4 bay leaves
- 425 g long-grain rice
- 1 l warm water
- ½ tsp saffron threads (optional)
- 2 tbsp melted butter
- salt
- 1 small red chilli, finely sliced, to garnish
- coriander leaves, to garnish
Masala
- 1 tsp garam masala
- 1 small onion, chopped
- 2 garlic cloves, crushed
- 5 cm fresh ginger
- 150 ml natural yoghurt
- 1 tsp salt
Biryani spices
- 4 cloves
- 8 black peppercorns
- 4 green cardamom pods
- 1 black cardamom pod, crushed
- 5 cm cinnamon stick
- ½ tsp turmeric
Directions
Pound the masala ingredients in a mortar, or blend in a food processor, to a smooth paste. Rub the chicken thighs with the paste and leave to marinate for 30 minutes at room temperature.
Heat the ghee or oil in a heavy-based pan or pot. Toast the almonds and cashews until golden. Remove with a slotted spoon and drain on kitchen paper. Set aside.
Fry the finely chopped onion in the same pan until golden. Remove half and set aside with the nuts for garnish.
Mix the biryani spices loosely without grinding them to a powder. Add them to the pan with the bay leaves and stir for half a minute until fragrant.
Place the marinated chicken thighs in the pan. Fry over medium heat for about 20 minutes so the chicken takes on colour and the masala soaks in.
Rinse the rice briefly and stir it into the pan with the chicken. Pour in the warm water and season with salt. Cover and simmer over low heat for 15–20 minutes until the rice is tender and all the water is absorbed.
If using saffron: soak the threads in a tablespoon of warm water for 5 minutes while the rice finishes cooking.
Gently fork the saffron water and melted butter through the rice without mashing the grains. Leave to rest under the lid for a couple of minutes.
Arrange in a dish or serve directly from the pan. Garnish with the fried onion, nuts, chilli strips, and coriander leaves.
Notes
The marinating is non-negotiable. 30 minutes is the minimum; 1–2 hours in the refrigerator gives more flavour if you have the time.
Do not stir the rice too much after the water goes in. Put the lid on and leave it. That is how the grains stay whole and separate.
A raita of yoghurt, cucumber, and mint goes well alongside and tempers the spices. A few lemon wedges on the dish also help.
Leftovers keep for a couple of days in the refrigerator. Reheat under a lid with a splash of water so the rice does not dry out.
See Also
Cucumber Raita (Kheera Raita)
Mint Raita
Green Chutney
